What is Eyelid Psoriasis: Everything You Need to Know

Last Updated on July 24, 2024

Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated skin condition affecting approximately eight million people in the United States and 125 million globally, as reported by the National Psoriasis Foundation (NPF). This condition manifests as red, inflamed patches of skin covered with silvery scales, often accompanied by burning, itching, and pain.Psoriasis can affect various parts of the body, including the scalp, elbows, knees, ears, and joints. It can also develop in more sensitive areas such as the eyelids (eyelid psoriasis).

In addition to that, the condition is not limited by age or gender, impacting women, men, and children alike. While the onset of symptoms commonly occurs between the ages of 15 and 25, it can develop at any stage of life.

The underlying cause of psoriasis is an imbalance in the immune system, leading to an accelerated production of skin cells. Under normal conditions, skin cells regenerate approximately every month. However, in individuals with psoriasis, this process is expedited, occurring every three to four days. Hence, this rapid cell turnover results in the thickening of the skin and the formation of scaly plaques.

Also Read: Psoriasis in Ear: Understanding & Treatment Option

Psoriasis on the Eyelid

Psoriasis can manifest in various parts of the body, including the face. According to the National Psoriasis Foundation (NPF), around 50% of people with psoriasis experience it on their face, commonly near the hairline, eyebrows, forehead, or between the nose and upper lip. However, psoriasis affecting the eyelids or areas around the eyes is extremely rare, but it does require special attention.

For those with psoriasis, an overactive immune system causes patches of red, inflamed, or painful dead skin buildup across the body. When psoriasis occurs around the eyes, it can complicate the condition and necessitates careful management. Approximately 1 in 10 individuals with psoriasis may experience eye-related symptoms.

Also Read: Scalp Psoriasis vs Dandruff: How to Know The Difference

Symptoms of Eyelid Psoriasis

Eyelid psoriasis can be particularly challenging due to the sensitivity of the skin around the eyes. Symptoms of this condition include:

• Skin Discoloration and Scaling: The skin around the eyelids may appear discolored and develop scales or crusts.
• Inflammation and Irritation: It can also cause significant irritation, including pain, itching, and a burning sensation.
• Swollen and Drooping Eyelids: The eyelids may become swollen and, in some cases, droop.
• Crusting and Flaking: Moreover, crusts and dandruff-like scales may form around the eyelids, sometimes flaking off and sticking to the eyelashes.
• Eyelash Issues: Eyelashes may rub against the eye (trichiasis) or droop, causing further irritation.
• Painful Eye Movements: Moving, opening, or closing the eyes can be painful.
• Eye Dryness: Scales pulling the eyelid outward can lead to dryness of the eyes.

Rarely, psoriasis can affect the eye itself, leading to inflammation, dryness, discomfort, and possibly vision loss. If the buildup of skin patches becomes extensive, it can make opening and closing the eyes difficult.

Also Read: Psoriasiform Dermatitis: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Approaches

Causes of Eyelid Psoriasis

Eyelid psoriasis, like other forms of psoriasis, is primarily driven by an overactive immune system. Some potential causes and contributing factors are:

• Immune System Dysfunction: Psoriasis occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells, accelerating their production and leading to the formation of plaques and scales.
• Genetics: A family history of psoriasis can also increase the risk of developing the condition, including on the eyelids.
• Environmental Triggers: Moreover, certain environmental factors, such as stress, infections, and skin injuries, can trigger or worsen psoriasis symptoms.
• Medications: Some medications, like lithium, beta-blockers, and antimalarials, can trigger or exacerbate psoriasis symptoms.
• Lifestyle Factors: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and obesity can contribute to the development and severity of psoriasis.
• Infections: Additionally, infections, particularly streptococcal throat infections, can trigger or worsen psoriasis symptoms.

Also Read: How to Treat Inverse Psoriasis at Home

Potential Treatments

Managing eyelid psoriasis requires special care due to the sensitivity of the skin around the eyes. Treatment options include:

Topical Treatments:

Corticosteroids: Corticosteroid creams or ointments can reduce inflammation and itching. However, use these sparingly and under medical supervision to avoid side effects.

Calcineurin Inhibitors: Medications can reduce inflammation with a lower risk of thinning the skin.

Moisturizers and Emollients:

Moreover, regular application of gentle, fragrance-free moisturizers can help keep the skin around the eyes hydrated and reduce dryness and scaling.

Phototherapy:

Controlled exposure to ultraviolet light (UVB) can help reduce inflammation and slow down the production of skin cells. This treatment should be done under medical supervision.

Systemic Medications:

For severe cases, oral or injectable medications that affect the entire body may be prescribed.

Proper Eyelid Hygiene:

Moreover, keeping the eyelid area clean and free from irritants can help manage symptoms. Use gentle, non-irritating cleansers.

Avoiding Triggers:

In addition to that, identifying and avoiding triggers such as stress, certain foods, and environmental factors can help reduce flare-ups.

Regular Monitoring:

Regular check-ups with a dermatologist or ophthalmologist are essential to monitor the condition and adjust treatments as needed.

Protective Measures:

Also, wearing sunglasses can protect the eyes from UV rays and reduce irritation from wind and dust.

Eyelid Psoriasis vs. Eczema: Understanding the Differences

Psoriasis and eczema are distinct skin conditions that can manifest differently across various stages of life. Psoriasis typically emerges around age 15, whereas eczema can onset in childhood and persist into adulthood, hence, affecting a significant portion of the population, with over 31 million Americans affected, according to the National Eczema Organization (NEO).

Eyelid Psoriasis Symptoms:

It presents with symptoms such as pain when moving the eyelids and the presence of red, scaly patches. Furthermore, these patches may be thick and painful, accompanied by itching. Eyelid psoriasis can also cause discomfort due to scales that resemble dandruff flaking off and adhering to eyelashes. In rare cases, it may affect eye function, making it difficult to open or close the eyes.

Eyelid Eczema Symptoms:

In contrast, eyelid eczema is characterized by intense itching, which distinguishes it from eyelid psoriasis. Common symptoms include oozing or crusting, sensitive and dry skin on the eyelids, swelling, and patches of inflamed, discolored skin. Eyelid eczema often causes significant irritation and discomfort due to the continuous urge to scratch, potentially leading to further skin damage and infection.

Both psoriasis and eczema can appear in different types and affect various areas of the body, including the eyelids. Psoriasis tends to form thicker, more distinct plaques, while eczema is marked by its red, inflamed patches.

Also Read: Inverse Psoriasis: Diagnosis, Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment

When to Seek Professional Help

Worsening Symptoms:

If you notice a significant increase in redness, swelling, or discomfort, consult your healthcare provider immediately.

Moreover, seek prompt medical attention if you experience difficulty in opening or closing your eyes, severe pain, or vision changes.

Ineffective Treatment:

If your current treatment plan is not providing relief, discuss alternative options with your healthcare provider.

New treatments and therapies are continually being developed, so exploring other options may be beneficial.

Also Read: Psoriasis Detox Diets: What You Need to Know & Do They Work?

Conclusion:

In conclusion, managing psoriasis around eyes requires careful attention and tailored treatment approaches due to the condition’s impact on the sensitive skin of the eyelids. So, by understanding the symptoms, causes, and available treatments for eyelid psoriasis, individuals can effectively alleviate discomfort and prevent complications. Regular monitoring by healthcare professionals, coupled with adherence to prescribed therapies and proactive management of triggers, is essential for maintaining eye health and overall well-being.